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European Marijuana Law
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Cannabis and Marijuana Laws and Law Enforcement Procedures in Europe
A comparative study


Would depenalization initiatives lead to full legalization? - Spain distinguishes between substances that do or do not cause serious damage to health; - The Nederlands makes a distinction drugs that pose unacceptable risks (hard) and others; - Britain makes some kind of differences between 'hard' and 'soft' drugs: it has 3 classes. Class A is the most controlled one (MDMA, LSD, cocaine, heroine); class B (cannabis, codeine); and class C for steroids, the less controled. But Britain has also 5 schedules for medical applications (cannabis is not included);- Italy classifies also cannabis in class B, apart from the most controlled class A (hard drugs);- Ireland considers cannabis is like LSD and opium, but not like heroin and cocaine);- No distinctions between 'hard' and 'soft' drugs (ie, heroin in the same class as cannabis): Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland.Dutch Cannabis Initiative Stirs Interest in Europe The decision by the Dutch government to legalize cannabis prescriptions for patients suffering from serious illnesses has aroused the interest of countries in Europe and beyond.

DW-WOLD.DE The Smoker's GuideOur BushDoctor has tested many of the different kinds of Marijuana and Cannabis that are on sale in the coffee shops of Amsterdam, with marijuana pictures and reports on each strain.

http://www.smokersguide.com/sg/index.html
The Legalise Cannabis Alliance Europe Loosens its Pot Laws
Rolling Stone (US)
Gregory Katz, Rob Story, Jason Cohn
Thursday 20 Jun 2002

European Drug Laws
Western Europe has historically rejected America's "do drugs; do time" ideology in favor of more liberal policies defining drug use as a health issue rather than a criminal one. Today, this trend is most widely manifested in European laws decriminalizing the possession and use of marijuana. The following documents provide a comprehensive overview of marijuana and other drug laws throughout Europe.European Drug Policy: 2002 Legislative Update

AUSTRIA
NO CHANGE

BELGIUM

Government officials issued a formal declaration in January 2001 mandating prosecutors and judges to "no longer interfere in the lives of people who use cannabis on a personal basis and who do not create harm or do not show dependence." Under the new policy, marijuana possession and cultivation for personal use is no longer be criminally prosecuted. However, the production and sale of large quantities of marijuana continues to be actively prosecuted, as is pot use that leads to "unsociable behavior." Public smoking of marijuana remains punishable under Belgian "social nuisance" laws. Despite Belgium's shift in marijuana policy, no formal legislative change is yet to be enacted.

DENMARK

NO CHANGE

FINLAND

NO CHANGE

FRANCE
French authorities no longer prosecute 95 percent of pot possession cases, according to statistics reported by The Christian Science Monitor. This trend follows a June 1999 Ministry of Justice directive urging prosecutors to apply therapeutic alternatives to prison whenever possible for minor drug offenders. The directive mandates that, "The imprisonment of drug users [who have] not committed other related offenses must be the last resort," it says. The Ministry of Justice previously issued a similar edict in 1987.In January 2002, Justice officials further urged politicians to consider formally decriminalizing cannabis.

GERMANY
NO CHANGE

GREECE
NO CHANGE

IRELAND
NO CHANGE

ITALY
NO CHANGE

LUXEMBOURG
Government officials reclassified cannabis in April 2001 as a "Category B" controlled substance, effectively decriminalizing personal possession and use of the drug by adults. Under the new law, minor marijuana offenders are subject to a potential fine, but not jail. More serious marijuana-related offenses, such as marijuana trafficking or use in front of a minor, remain punishable by jail terms ranging from six months to five years imprisonment.THE

NETHERLANDS

Ministry of Justice officials declared in July 2002 that they would maintain existing policies tolerating the sale of cannabis in public "coffee shops." This announcement reversed prior statements from newly elected federal officials indicating that Parliament was considering limiting the number of coffee shops operating near the nation's borders. According to a July 2002 study commissioned by the Ministry of Justice, there are 805 licensed cannabis cafés in the Netherlands. Under Dutch policy, coffee shops may sell up to five grams of marijuana per customer. In addition, patients who require marijuana for medicinal purposes may be able to obtain prescription-grade cannabis in pharmacies by 2003, according to an April 2002 announcement by the Dutch Ministry of Health. Government officials are expected to enter contracts with authorized growers to provide the pharmaceutical-grade cannabis.

NORWAY

Although a government-appointed commission recommended decriminalizing marijuana in March 2002, no legislation to enact this policy change is pending.

PORTUGAL
Since July 1, 2001, possession and use of marijuana and other illicit substances is no longer an offense punishable by criminal imprisonment. Under the new law, police now treat the possession of up to a ten-day supply of cannabis or narcotics as an administrative violation rather than criminal offense. Those found in possession of marijuana or other drugs are evaluated by a special health and welfare commission, which may refer offenders to counseling and/or treatment. Non-habitual offenders may be ordered to pay a fine or receive no penalty. Police continue to confiscate marijuana under the new law.

SPAIN

NO CHANGE

SWEDEN
NO CHANGE

SWITZERLAND

The Swiss Senate approved a law in 2002 to end all civil and criminal penalties on the personal use, possession and cultivation of cannabis by those over 18 years of age. The proposal would also establish federal guidelines regarding commercial cultivation and retail sales of the drug. Sales of marijuana to minors or non-citizens would remain a prosecutable offense under the bill, which still must pass the Swiss Upper and Lower House of Representatives before becoming law. Both Houses previously recommended legalizing marijuana in 2001, before such legislation was pending.

UNITED KINGDOM
Government officials reaffirmed plans in July 2002 to formally downgrade marijuana so that its possession is no longer an arrestable offense. The British House of Commons and Parliament's Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD) also issued similar recommendations in 2002, finding, "The current classification of cannabis is disproportionate in relation to both its inherent harmfulness, and to the harmfulness of other substances" that share the same legal classification as marijuana.


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