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European
Marijuana Law
The
original Jilter® - an excellent
roll your own cigarette-filter
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Cannabis
and Marijuana Laws and Law Enforcement Procedures in Europe
A
comparative study
Would depenalization initiatives lead to full legalization? - Spain
distinguishes between substances that do or do not cause serious damage
to health; - The Nederlands makes a distinction drugs that pose unacceptable
risks (hard) and others; - Britain makes some kind of differences
between 'hard' and 'soft' drugs: it has 3 classes. Class A is the
most controlled one (MDMA, LSD, cocaine, heroine); class B (cannabis,
codeine); and class C for steroids, the less controled. But Britain
has also 5 schedules for medical applications (cannabis is not included);-
Italy classifies also cannabis in class B, apart from the most controlled
class A (hard drugs);- Ireland considers cannabis is like LSD and
opium, but not like heroin and cocaine);- No distinctions between
'hard' and 'soft' drugs (ie, heroin in the same class as cannabis):
Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Luxembourg, Portugal,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland.Dutch Cannabis Initiative Stirs Interest
in Europe The decision by the Dutch government to legalize cannabis
prescriptions for patients suffering from serious illnesses has aroused
the interest of countries in Europe and beyond.
DW-WOLD.DE
The Smoker's GuideOur BushDoctor has tested many of the different
kinds of Marijuana and Cannabis that are on sale in the coffee shops
of Amsterdam, with marijuana pictures and reports on each strain.
http://www.smokersguide.com/sg/index.html
The
Legalise Cannabis Alliance Europe Loosens its Pot Laws
Rolling Stone (US)
Gregory Katz, Rob Story, Jason Cohn
Thursday 20 Jun 2002
European
Drug Laws
Western Europe has historically rejected America's "do drugs; do time"
ideology in favor of more liberal policies defining drug use as a
health issue rather than a criminal one. Today, this trend is most
widely manifested in European laws decriminalizing the possession
and use of marijuana. The following documents provide a comprehensive
overview of marijuana and other drug laws throughout Europe.European
Drug Policy: 2002 Legislative Update
AUSTRIA
NO CHANGE
BELGIUM
Government officials issued a formal declaration in January 2001 mandating
prosecutors and judges to "no longer interfere in the lives of people
who use cannabis on a personal basis and who do not create harm or
do not show dependence." Under the new policy, marijuana possession
and cultivation for personal use is no longer be criminally prosecuted.
However, the production and sale of large quantities of marijuana
continues to be actively prosecuted, as is pot use that leads to "unsociable
behavior." Public smoking of marijuana remains punishable under Belgian
"social nuisance" laws. Despite Belgium's shift in marijuana policy,
no formal legislative change is yet to be enacted.
DENMARK
NO CHANGE
FINLAND
NO CHANGE
FRANCE
French authorities no longer prosecute 95 percent of pot possession
cases, according to statistics reported by The Christian Science Monitor.
This trend follows a June 1999 Ministry of Justice directive urging
prosecutors to apply therapeutic alternatives to prison whenever possible
for minor drug offenders. The directive mandates that, "The imprisonment
of drug users [who have] not committed other related offenses must
be the last resort," it says. The Ministry of Justice previously issued
a similar edict in 1987.In January 2002, Justice officials further
urged politicians to consider formally decriminalizing cannabis.
GERMANY
NO CHANGE
GREECE
NO CHANGE
IRELAND
NO CHANGE
ITALY
NO CHANGE
LUXEMBOURG
Government officials reclassified cannabis in April 2001 as a "Category
B" controlled substance, effectively decriminalizing personal possession
and use of the drug by adults. Under the new law, minor marijuana
offenders are subject to a potential fine, but not jail. More serious
marijuana-related offenses, such as marijuana trafficking or use in
front of a minor, remain punishable by jail terms ranging from six
months to five years imprisonment.THE
NETHERLANDS
Ministry of Justice officials declared in July 2002 that they would
maintain existing policies tolerating the sale of cannabis in public
"coffee shops." This announcement reversed prior statements from newly
elected federal officials indicating that Parliament was considering
limiting the number of coffee shops operating near the nation's borders.
According to a July 2002 study commissioned by the Ministry of Justice,
there are 805 licensed cannabis cafés in the Netherlands. Under Dutch
policy, coffee shops may sell up to five grams of marijuana per customer.
In addition, patients who require marijuana for medicinal purposes
may be able to obtain prescription-grade cannabis in pharmacies by
2003, according to an April 2002 announcement by the Dutch Ministry
of Health. Government officials are expected to enter contracts with
authorized growers to provide the pharmaceutical-grade cannabis.
NORWAY
Although a government-appointed commission recommended decriminalizing
marijuana in March 2002, no legislation to enact this policy change
is pending.
PORTUGAL
Since July 1, 2001, possession and use of marijuana and other illicit
substances is no longer an offense punishable by criminal imprisonment.
Under the new law, police now treat the possession of up to a ten-day
supply of cannabis or narcotics as an administrative violation rather
than criminal offense. Those found in possession of marijuana or other
drugs are evaluated by a special health and welfare commission, which
may refer offenders to counseling and/or treatment. Non-habitual offenders
may be ordered to pay a fine or receive no penalty. Police continue
to confiscate marijuana under the new law.
SPAIN
NO CHANGE
SWEDEN
NO CHANGE
SWITZERLAND
The Swiss Senate approved a law in 2002 to end all civil and criminal
penalties on the personal use, possession and cultivation of cannabis
by those over 18 years of age. The proposal would also establish federal
guidelines regarding commercial cultivation and retail sales of the
drug. Sales of marijuana to minors or non-citizens would remain a
prosecutable offense under the bill, which still must pass the Swiss
Upper and Lower House of Representatives before becoming law. Both
Houses previously recommended legalizing marijuana in 2001, before
such legislation was pending.
UNITED KINGDOM
Government officials reaffirmed plans in July 2002 to formally downgrade
marijuana so that its possession is no longer an arrestable offense.
The British House of Commons and Parliament's Advisory Council on
the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD) also issued similar recommendations in
2002, finding, "The current classification of cannabis is disproportionate
in relation to both its inherent harmfulness, and to the harmfulness
of other substances" that share the same legal classification as marijuana.
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